Physiology & Pathology

Discover what happens when physiology fails. Work through interactive lessons that explain the step-by-step breakdown of common cardiovascular, renal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal processes. Physiology & Pathology covers 48 physiology topics and 57 conditions, with 50 lessons, more than 5,800 3D models, 38 animations, 16 illustrations, and 26 quizzes.

-Compare 3D models of normal anatomy to models of common diseases and conditions
-Set the heart rate and visualize conduction in a dissectable, beating 3D heart, and follow along on an ECG
-Watch animations that present to the physiological processes of gas exchange, pulmonary ventilation, fluid balance, peristalsis, and more
-Walk through interactive lessons to understand the progression of atherosclerosis, kidney stones, lung cancer, and other common conditions
-Test your knowledge of various physiological processes and pathologies with quizzes

"I can’t wait to teach with this—it is the first time I have seen heart conduction, blood flow, ecg, and heart contractions all together!"
Cindy Harley
Associate Professor of Biology
Metropolitan State University

The current release of Physiology & Pathology includes the following units: Cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal. More content coming soon.

Cardiovascular Overview
Heart Wall
Heart Chambers and Valves
Cardiac Cycle
Heart Conduction
Blood Vessels
Blood Pressure
Cardiac Output
Cardiovascular Regulation
Atherosclerosis
Coronary Artery Disease
Myocardial Infarction
Hypertension
Aortic Stenosis
Arrhythmias
Cardiac Tamponade
Mitral Valve Prolapse
Heart Failure

Respiratory Overview
Respiratory Tract
Pulmonary Ventilation
Respiratory Compliance
Airway Defenses
Alveolar Structure and Function
Gas Exchange
Respiratory Regulation
Pneumothorax
COPD
Asthma
Lung Cancer
Pulmonary Edema and ARDS
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Embolism
Tuberculosis

Renal System Functions
Fluid Balance
The Kidneys: Blood Filtration
Filtration, Reabsorption, and Secretion
Nephron Function
Concentration Gradient
Vasopressin
Acute Renal Failure
Acute Tubular Necrosis
Kidney Stones
UTI
Chronic Renal Failure
Polycystic Kidney Disease

Gastrointestinal Tract
GI Walls: Smooth Muscle
Peristalsis
GI Walls: Mucosa and Submucosa
Accessory Organs
Absorption
The Liver and Blood Processing
GERD
Peptic Ulcer
Gallstones
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Colorectal Cancer
Diverticulitis
Cirrhosis of Liver
Hemorrhoids

Musculoskeletal Overview
Physiology of Muscle Contraction
Bone Structure and Tissue
Intervertebral Joints
Synovial Joints
Shoulder: Flexion, Extension, Horizontal Abduction, Horizontal Adduction, Abduction, Adduction, Medial Rotation, Lateral Rotation
Knee: Flexion, Extension, Medial Rotation, Lateral Rotation
Osteoporosis
Bone Fractures: Proper Healing
Bone Fractures: Improper Healing
Neuromuscular Disorders
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
Cervical Spondylosis and Radiculopathy
LSS and Sciatica
Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy
Adhesive Capsulitis
Shoulder Labral Tear
Lateral Epicondylitis
Medial Epicondylitis
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Wrist Sprain
Hip Bursitis
Hip Labral Tear
Osteoarthritis of the Hip Joint
Knee Sprain
Torn Meniscus
Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint
Achilles Tendinopathy
Plantar Fasciitis
Shin Splints
Tibial Stress Fracture
Ankle Sprain
Other Bone and Joint Pathologies